Quick Answer

Handle memory allocation failures.

Understanding the Issue

This exception occurs when the CLR cannot allocate enough memory for an operation.

The Problem

This code demonstrates the issue:

Csharp Error 
byte[] buffer = new byte[int.MaxValue]; // May throw

The Solution

Here's the corrected code:

Csharp Fixed 
// Process in chunks
const int chunkSize = 1024 * 1024; // 1MB
ProcessInChunks(chunkSize);

// Use ArrayPool for buffers
var pool = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared;
var buffer = pool.Rent(1024);
try {
    // Work with buffer
} finally {
    pool.Return(buffer);
}

// 64-bit process configuration
// Set platform target to x64

// Memory<T> for large buffers
Memory<byte> memory = new byte[largeSize];

Key Takeaways

Optimize memory usage and consider 64-bit for large data processing.